Publication Ethics

>> Authors' Responsibilities

Reporting standards

Authors of original research papers should include a detailed overview of the work done as well as an objective assessment of its relevance. The article should appropriately portray the underlying data. A paper should include enough information and references to allow others to duplicate the work. False or willfully inaccurate remarks are unethical and must be avoided at all costs. Editorial 'opinion' works should be clearly recognized as such, while review and professional published pieces should be truthful and objective.

Data access and retention

Authors could well be required to submit raw data in conjunction with a manuscript for management review, and they should be determined to continue such data for a reasonable period of time after acceptance.

Originality and plagiarism

The authors should make certain that their works are fully unique, and that any work or words borrowed from others be properly cited or quoted. Plagiarism can take several forms, including 'passing off' another's paper as the author's own, copying or paraphrasing major portions of another's paper (without acknowledgment), and claiming results from other people's study. Plagiarism, in any form, is unethical publication practice and must be avoided.

Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication

In generally, an author should not submit articles to many journals or principal publications presenting substantially identical study. It is really illegal and unprofessional to submit identical paper to many journals at the same time. An researcher should not submit an paper that has already been published to another journal for consideration.

Acknowledgement of sources

It is important to constantly give adequate support to others' work. Researchers must cite articles that shaped the published work's characteristics. Without the source's clear, written permission, information obtained informally, such as through dialogue, letters, or communication with 3rd parties, may not be utilized or reported. Without the explicit written permission of the author of the work engaged in these services, information collected in the course of confidential services, such as refereeing manuscripts or grant applications, cannot be used.

Authorship of the paper

Writings must be restricted to all who contributed significantly to the study's idea, planning, implementation, or interpretations. All contributors must be marked as co-authors. Others who have contributed to the study effort in substantial ways must be appreciated or identified as contributors. The corresponding author must make sure that all co-authors have ever seen or signed the completed version of the manuscript before submitting it to be published.

Hazards and human or animal subjects

If the study entails the use of materials, processes, or technology that pose any unusual risks, the author must make this apparent in the manuscript. If the work requires use of the animals or humans, the author should include a statement in the article stating that all processes were carried out in accordance with applicable laws and institutional norms, and that they were authorized by the appropriate institutional committee(s). Authors should add a declaration in the publication stating that information and understanding was acquired for human subject experimentation. Human subjects' private rights must always be respected.

Disclosure and conflicts of interest

All finance or other fundamental conflict of interest that could be regarded as influencing the findings or analysis of one‘s paper must be disclosed by all authors in their manuscript. All elements of fundings must be made clear. Work, engagements, stock holdings, remunerations, paid expert evidence, copyright systems, and grants or other support are examples of potential conflicts of interest that must be reported. All conflicts of interest must be notified as soon as feasible.

Fundamental errors in published works

When a researcher detects a serious error or unreliability in his or her original existing papers, it is the author's responsibility to contact the journal editor or publisher as soon as possible and collaborate with the editor in retracting or correcting the manuscript. If a third party informs the editor or publisher that a published work contains a serious error, the author must retract or revise the paper as soon as possible, or show evidence to the editor that the original paper was correct.

 

>>Editor Responsibility

Publication decisions

The editor of a peer-reviewed journal, generally in collaboration with the appropriate society, is in charge of determining whether any of the manuscripts received to the article should be published. Such decisions must always be driven by the validation of the work in question and its value to academics and readers. The editor may be led by the editorial board's policies and bound by any applicable regulations for misrepresentation, copyrights, and plagiarism at the time. In making this judgment, the editor may consult with other editors or reviewers.

Fair play

An editor must assess submissions based on its meaningful value, regardless of the writers' color, nationality, gender identity, religious beliefs, ethnic background, citizenship, or political philosophy.

Confidentiality

The corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, any editorial advisers, and the publisher, as appropriate, are the only people who should know about a submitted manuscript.

Disclosure and conflicts of interest

There without author's express written authorization, unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript may not be used in an editor's personal research. Confidential information or ideas received through peer review must be kept private and not exploited for personal gain. Editors should recuse themselves from reviewing and considering manuscripts in which they have competing, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or (possibly) institutions associated with the papers (i.e., ask a co-editor, associate editor, or other member of the editorial board to do so instead). Editors should make it a requirement for all contributors to disclose any relevant competing interests and to publish revisions if there are any.

 

>> Reviewer Responsibility

Contribution to Editorial Decisions:

Peer review contribute to the editor make better editorial decisions, and editorial discussions with the author to able to help the author improve their manuscript quality.

Promptness

Some reviewer who considers unqualified to examine a manuscript's research or understands that a prompt evaluation will really be difficult should contact the editor and withdraw from the review process.

Standards of Objectivity

Reviews must be carried out with a measure of objectivity. It is not appropriate to criticize the author personally. Referees should convey their opinions clearly and with evidence to back them up.

Confidentiality

Manuscripts submitted for review must be treated as private papers. They must not be displayed to or discussed with anybody else unless the editor has given permission.

Disclosure and Conflict of Interes

Peer-reviewed material and ideas must be considered secret and not used for personal gain. Reviewers should not evaluate manuscripts in which they have a competing, collaborative, or other relationship or connection with either of the authors, organizations, or institutions associated with the articles.

Acknowledgement of Sources

Reviewers should investigate for interesting published research that the authors haven't included. Some claim that a discovery, extraction, or reasoning has previously been published should be accompanied by a citation. Some other significant resemblance or duplication between both the paper for assessment and other published material about which the reviewer has personal information should be brought to the editor's notice.